為大家講述四柱液壓機電能消耗的變頻節能原理
液壓油泵的用電量占整個液壓機用電量的97%以上,所以下降其耗電量是液壓機節能的要害。液壓機在快速下行、慢時下行、保壓、泄壓回程、活塞頂出、活塞退回、緩沖缸頂出等階段所需壓力和流量都是改動的,當液壓機的油量需求發生改動時,由設在油泵出口的溢流閥來調節負載壓力和流量,而電機的輸出功率不變,因此形成能量浪費。
四柱液壓機的電能耗費首要表現在液壓體系油泵的電能耗費。
變頻調速(su)設備由整流電(dian)路、濾(lv)波電(dian)路、逆變電(dian)路和(he)控制(zhi)電(dian)路組成,其(qi)功用是經過(guo)整流環(huan)節(jie)將溝通(tong)電(dian)能經過(guo)整流、濾(lv)波為直流電(dian)能,又經過(guo)逆變環(huan)節(jie)轉(zhuan)變成不同頻率的(de)(de)(de)溝通(tong)電(dian)能輸出(chu)(chu)給電(dian)機。所以可讓液壓油(you)(you)(you)泵電(dian)機在不同的(de)(de)(de)轉(zhuan)速(su)下作(zuo)業。別的(de)(de)(de),依據油(you)(you)(you)泵的(de)(de)(de)理論,油(you)(you)(you)泵的(de)(de)(de)輸出(chu)(chu)流量Q的(de)(de)(de)計算(suan)公式為:
Q=2[π(R2-r2)-(R-r)S×Z/COSθ]B×N10-6
式中:R-葉片的半徑r-定(ding)子的短(duan)半徑
S-葉(xie)片的厚度(du)B-轉子的軸向寬(kuan)度(du)
Z-葉片數目θ-葉片相對(dui)半徑方向的(de)傾角(jiao)
由(you)上(shang)式(shi)公式(shi)中(zhong)可得出改動油(you)泵(beng)(beng)電(dian)(dian)(dian)機(ji)(ji)(ji)轉(zhuan)(zhuan)(zhuan)子的(de)(de)(de)(de)轉(zhuan)(zhuan)(zhuan)速(su)(su)N也就(jiu)改動輸出流量Q,即油(you)泵(beng)(beng) 油(you)流量與油(you)泵(beng)(beng)電(dian)(dian)(dian)機(ji)(ji)(ji)的(de)(de)(de)(de)轉(zhuan)(zhuan)(zhuan)速(su)(su)成正比(bi),而改動油(you)泵(beng)(beng)電(dian)(dian)(dian)機(ji)(ji)(ji)轉(zhuan)(zhuan)(zhuan)子的(de)(de)(de)(de)轉(zhuan)(zhuan)(zhuan)速(su)(su)N是經過液壓(ya)機(ji)(ji)(ji)的(de)(de)(de)(de)同步信號自(zi)動控制(zhi)變頻(pin)節能調速(su)(su)設備的(de)(de)(de)(de)輸出頻(pin)率(lv)來實現,油(you)泵(beng)(beng)電(dian)(dian)(dian)機(ji)(ji)(ji)的(de)(de)(de)(de)耗(hao)電(dian)(dian)(dian)與其轉(zhuan)(zhuan)(zhuan)速(su)(su)近似成三次(ci)方聯系,即油(you)泵(beng)(beng)電(dian)(dian)(dian)機(ji)(ji)(ji)的(de)(de)(de)(de)耗(hao)電(dian)(dian)(dian)功率(lv)P=P`(N`/N)3,若(ruo)液壓(ya)機(ji)(ji)(ji)油(you)泵(beng)(beng)電(dian)(dian)(dian)機(ji)(ji)(ji)額定功率(lv)為55KW,則當轉(zhuan)(zhuan)(zhuan)速(su)(su)下(xia)降到(dao)原(yuan)轉(zhuan)(zhuan)(zhuan)速(su)(su)的(de)(de)(de)(de)4/5時,其耗(hao)電(dian)(dian)(dian)量用28.16KW,省電(dian)(dian)(dian)48.8%;當轉(zhuan)(zhuan)(zhuan)速(su)(su)下(xia)降到(dao)原(yuan)轉(zhuan)(zhuan)(zhuan)速(su)(su)的(de)(de)(de)(de)1/2時,其耗(hao)電(dian)(dian)(dian)量僅(jin)用6.875KW,省電(dian)(dian)(dian)87.5%,從而使油(you)泵(beng)(beng)負載具有(you)顯著的(de)(de)(de)(de)節電(dian)(dian)(dian)作用(其中(zhong):P`=55KW,N`/N=4/5和N`/N=1/2)。